Plant viruses of the Amalgaviridaefamily evolved via recombination between viruses with doublestranded and negativestrand RNA genomes Mart Krupovic,Valerian V Dolja,and Eugene V Koonin Department of Microbiology, Unité Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles, Institut Pasteur, Paris, FranceAbstract Monoclonal antibodies to doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) are described for use as a universal diagnostic tool to detect infection in plants by RNA viruses Crude nucleic acid extracts from plants infected with one of 25 different viruses were examined by sandwichELISA and immunoblotting In comparison to the corresponding controls elevated dsRNA concentrationsThe hypothesis that the doublestranded (ds) RNA isolated from avocado is indicative of infection by RNA plant viruses has never been proven However, it has not been disproven and the different dsRNAs are still known as putative avocado viruses (AV) 1, 2 and 3
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Can viruses have double stranded rna
Can viruses have double stranded rna-Double Stranded RNA Virus in Giardia Investigators Wang, Ching Institutions University of California San Francisco Start date 1991 End date 01 Objective For the next granting period, we plan to encapsulate drug resistance genes into the viral particles to express foreign gene in all infected trophozoites under drug pressures;Doublestranded (ds)RNAmediated gene silencing has been widely reported in a variety of eukaryotic organisms, including plants, and has been thought to play a major role in antiviral defense Over the last several years, we have been studying two highly homologous RNAdependent RNA polymerases (RdRPs), NtRdRP1 from tobacco and AtRdRP1 from Arabidopsis
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Abstract RNAi is a major antiviral defense response in plant and animal model systems RNAdependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6) is an essential component of RNAi, which plays an important role in the resistance against viruses in the model plants We found previously that rice RDR6 (OsRDR6) functioned in the defense against Rice stripe virus (RSV), and Rice DwarfStoloniferum virus S RNA polymerase activity was found to be associated with H particles, which contain doublestranded RNA and singlestranded RNA, but not with L particles, which contain only doublestranded RNA and not with M particles, which contain only singlestranded RNA In H particles the reaction Biological mutation rates summarized from fastest to slowest Viroid (RNA elements that cause some plant disease without encoding any genes), viruses (RNA shown as Ebola, singlestranded DNA shown as an icosohedron, and doublestranded DNA shown as a myophage), prokaryotes (rodshaped bacteria), and eukaryotes (rodent)
A novel virus was detected in ornamental plants of Primula malacoides Franch exhibiting typical yellowedge symptoms Two doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) segments, of 2390 bp and 2344 bp, respectively, were extracted from plant tissues, and these same dsRNAs were detected from purified virions of about 35 nm in diameter RNA silencing is a robust sequencespecific RNA degradation process triggered by the formation of doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) RNA silencing was first discovered in transgenic plants, where it was termed cosuppression or posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) In plants, it serves as an antiviral defense, and small RNA pathways serve as a defense against virusesHere, we report a novel doublestranded RNA virus designated Colletotrichum liriopes partitivirus 1 (ClPV1) from the plant pathogenic fungus C liriopes ClPV1 genome has two double stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), named as dsRNA 1 and dsRNA 2, which in
The virus is a member of the family Chrysoviridae that infect plants and fungi in a persistent manner The extracted doublestranded RNA from 312 maize cobs was converted to cDNA, and sequences were determined using an Illumina HiSeq 00Singlestranded RNA is found as the genetic material in plant viruses (turnip yellow mosaic virus, tobacco mosaic virus), animal viruses (foot and mouth virus), bacteriophages and as nongenetic matter in forms of rRNA and mRNA in other entities Doublestranded RNA takes place as genetic matter in some plant viruses and nongenetic material in the form of tRNA in other entitiesPreparations of doublestranded (ds) RNAs extracted from naturally infected Vicia faba Linn growing in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, Eastern China displayed 3 dominant bands (FaR1, FaR2, and FaR3) FaR2 and FaR3 were found to be identical to the genomic dsRNAs of a recently reported Vicia cryptic virus (VCV)
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Most doublestranded DNA viruses replicate within the host cell nucleus, including polyomaviruses, adenoviruses, and herpesviruses—poxviruses, however, replicate in the cytoplasm Adenoviruses and herpes viruses encode their own replication factorsDoublestranded RNAs with twonucleotide 3ʹ overhangs and 5ʹmonophosphate and 3ʹhydroxyl termini They are processed from long doublestranded RNA precursors by Dicer Plant and animal genomes encode many siRNAs with complete or extensive sequence complementarity to endogenous mRNA transcripts MicroRNAs (miRNAs) 21–25nucleotide Bacterially expressed doublestranded RNAs against hotspot sequences of tobacco mosaic virus or potato virus Y genome have different ability to
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In plants, doublestranded replicative intermediates of RNA viruses or strongly structured segments of viral mRNAs (40) are processed by DCL2 and perhaps by other DCL enzymes into viral sRNAs (18,24,67), short 21nt dsRNAs having 2nt 3Ј overhangs (also called viral short interfering RNAs siRNAs)The genome of wound tumor viruses (WTV) consists of 12 doublestranded RNA segments Neither of them is infectious The wound tumor viruses of plants and animals (reoviruses) are related and are characterized by a number of common activities RNA silencing and antiviral patterntriggered immunity (PTI) both rely on recognition of doublestranded (ds)RNAs as defenceinducing signals While dsRNA recognition by dicerlike proteins during antiviral RNA silencing is thoroughly investigated, the molecular mechanisms involved in dsRNA percepti
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RNA silencing functions as a potent antiviral pathway in plant and animal systems 1,2,3,4,5,6 and is known to be triggered by the accumulation of doublestranded viral RNA (dsRNA) The viralPlant infection by multiple viruses is common in nature and is frequently reported 11,12 During multiple infections, viruses can interact among themselves and depending on the virus, host plant, and temporal and spatial factors, the disease phenotype will reflect the type of interaction, which may range from synergism to antagonism 11–13Virus and Potato virus X infection (Wan et al, 15;
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The majority of mycoviruses exhibit a doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) genome, which is diagnostic However, a few mycoviruses exhibit singlestranded RNA (ssRNA), doublestranded DNA (dsDNA), or singlestranded DNA (ssDNA) genomes Based on the mode of replication and the type of genome, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses hasThe doublestranded (ds)RNA viruses represent a diverse group of viruses that vary widely in host range (humans, animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria), genome segment number (one to twelve), and virion organization (Tnumber, capsid layers, or turrets) Members of this fascinating group include the rotaviruses, renowned globally as theThe prototype of a plant virus with doublestranded DNA is the cauliflower mosaicvirus (CaMV) Doublestranded plant viruses, too, have been considered in genetic engineering It is tried to convert them into vectors in order to put foreign DNA into plant cells similar to the way the plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used
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Plant viruses of the Amalgaviridae family evolved via recombination between viruses with doublestranded and negativestrand RNA DoubleStranded DNA Viruses Doublestranded DNA viruses of plants are rare, and only infect lower plants, such as algae These viruses (family Phycodnaviridae) are huge dsDNA viruses with genomes ranging from 160 to 560 kb with up to 600 proteinencoding genes, making them distinctly different from viruses infecting higher plants They are found in aqueousDoublestranded RNA (dsRNA) is an inducer molecule of the RNA silencing (RNA interference, RNAi) pathway that is present in all higher eukaryotes and controls gene expression at the posttranscriptional level This mechanism allows the cell to recognize aberrant genetic material in a highly sequence Efficient doublestranded RNA production methods for utilization in plant virus
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Serologically specific electron microscopy was used to detect doublestranded RNA in extracts of tobacco infected with tobacco mosaic virus Assays were made immediately after extraction, without purification, concentration, or treatment with phenol or detergent This indicates that the doublestranded RNA is native and is not an artifact induced by purification methodsDOI /PHYTO Corpus ID Isolation and analysis of doublestranded RNA from virusinfected plant and fungal tissue @article{Morris1979IsolationAA, title={Isolation and analysis of doublestranded RNA from virusinfected plant and fungal tissue}, author={T Morris and J Dodds}, journal={Phytopathology}, year={1979}, volume={69}, pages={} } Structure of the reovirus virion The doublestranded (ds)RNA viruses represent a diverse group of viruses that vary widely in host range (humans, animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria ), genome segment number (one to twelve), and virion organization ( Triangulation number, capsid layers, spikes, turrets, etc)
Parallels Among Positive Strand Rna Viruses Reverse Transcribing Viruses And Double Stranded Rna Viruses Nature Reviews Microbiology
Vectors Of Plant Viruses
Efficient doublestranded RNA production methods for utilization in plant virus control Andreas E Voloudakis, Maria C Holeva, Leif Peter Sarin , Dennis Bamford , Marisol Vargas, Minna Poranen , Francisco TenlladoRibonucleic acid (RNA) is a ubiquitous biological molecule involved in transcription and translation, which also serves as the genetic material of a large number of important viruses The doublestranded form of RNA (dsRNA) is believed to be less abundant in nature but is a crucial component of a number of biological systemsWan and Laliberté, 15) Although the authors suggest that the virus may move through pit membranes from phloem into immature xylem for replication before cell death occurs, the above findings could suggest the possibility that the viral RNA may enter xylem by an exosomal pathway
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INTRODUCTION Virus infection & replication – A synonym Virus is a nucleoprotein having RNA or DNA as a genetic material RNA or DNA may be ss or ds, ssRNA may be ve or –ve sense Most of plant virus infect a limited number of different plant species and a few have a wide host range Viruses do not produce any kind of reproductive structure, theyRecently, by using a strategy based on the isolation of double stranded RNA (dsRNA) and cDNA cloning, which allowed the molecular characterization of the complete viral genome, we could identify a novel virus now named European mountain ash ringspotassociated virus (EMARaV) (Mielke and Muehlbach 07)DoubleStranded RNA of the Diagnosis of Citrus and Avocado Viruses J A Do~dds, R L Jordan, J A Heick and S J Tamaki ABSTRACT Until recently presence of homogeneous segments of doublestranded (ds)RNA, corresponding to twice the size of viral genomic ssRNA, in infected plants have been overlooked in plant virus diagnosis
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The genome of wound tumor viruses (WTV) consists of 12 doublestranded RNA segments Neither of them is infectious The wound tumor viruses of plants and animals (reoviruses) are related and are characterized by a number of common activities They contain, for example, the enzyme transcriptase that transcribes singlestranded RNA or, in other Nonretroviral RNA virus sequences (NRVSs) have been found in the chromosomes of vertebrates and fungi, but not plants Here we report similarly endogenized NRVSs derived from plus, negative, and doublestranded RNA viruses in plant chromosomes These sequences were found by searching public genomic sequence databases, and, importantly, mostSegregation of Citrus Tristeza Virus Strains Evidenced by Double Stranded RNA (dsRNA) Analysis P Moreno, J Guerri, J F BallesterOlmos, and M E Martinez ABSTRACT A field isolate of citrus tristeza virus (CTV), T385, was separated from other virus and viruslike diseases by aphid transmission to Mexican lime seedlings
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a genetic regulatory system that functions to silence the activity of specific genes RNAi occurs naturally, through the production of nuclearencoded premicroRNA (premiRNA), and can be induced experimentally, using short segments of synthetic doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) Doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) plays a dual role in plant gene silencing by initiating both the RNAdegradation step of PTGS and RdDM Experimental results from PTGSdefective Arabidopsis thaliana
Reverse Genetics Systems Of Plant Negative Strand Rna Viruses Are Difficult To Be Developed But Powerful For Virus Host Interaction Studies And Virus Based Vector Applications Phytopathology Research Full Text
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